Periodontal Durum ve COVID-19 Arasýndaki Ýliþkinin Deðerlendirilmesi

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Koronavirüs hastalýðý (COVID-19) pandemisi dünya saðlýk sistemlerini büyük ölçüde etkiledi. Periodontal hastalýk, aðýz boþluðunun en sýk görülen inflamatuar hastalýklarýndan biridir. COVID-19 ile periodontal hastalýk arasýndaki ortak risk faktörleri ve ortak patojenik yollar olmasýndan dolayý periodontal hastalýk COVID-19 için bir risk faktörü olabilir. Bu çalýþmada, periodontal durum ile COVID-19 arasýndaki iliþkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmýþtýr.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çalýþmaya COVID-19 geçiren 185 hasta dahil edildi. Medikal ve dental anamnez alýndý ve hastalarýn COVID-19 semptomlarý sorgulandý. Klinik periodontal durumu belirlemek için periodontal indeks (plak indeksi, gingival indeks, sondalama derinliði, klinik ataçman kaybý) ölçümleri yapýldý. Hastalar saðlýklý, gingivitis ve periodontitis olarak sýnýflandýrýldý.
BULGULAR: Katýlýmcýlarýn 108’i kadýn, 77’si erkekti ve yaþ ortalamasý 36,03±12,74 idi. Katýlýmcýlarýn %13’ü periodontal olarak saðlýklý iken, %46,5’inde gingivitis, %9,2’sinde azalmýþ periodonsiyumda gingivitis ve %31,4’ünde periodontitis tanýsý mevcuttu. Saðlýklý grubun asemptomatik olma oraný (%62,5), gingivitis (%35) ve periodontitis (%36,2) gruplarýndan anlamlý þekilde yüksekti (p<0,05). Semptomatik ve asemptomatik gruplarda periodontal hastalýk ve sistemik faktör varlýðý birlikte deðerlendirildiðinde gruplar arasýnda istatistiksel olarak anlamlý bir farklýlýk gözlenmedi (p>0,05).
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Sonuçlarýmýz, periodontal hastalýðýn, COVID-19 enfeksiyonundan önce ve sonra pandemi sonuçlarýný iyileþtirmek için önlenebilir bir risk faktörü olabileceðini göstermektedir.

The Association Between Periodontal Status and COVID-19

INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic greatly affected world's healthcare systems. Periodontal disease is one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity. Periodontal disease may be a risk factor for COVID-19, since they have common risk factors and pathogenic pathways. In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between periodontal status and COVID-19.
METHODS: One hundred and eighty five patients who had COVID-19 were included in this study. After medical and dental anamnesis, COVID-19 symptoms were questioned. Periodontal index (plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment loss) measurements were performed in order to identify the clinical periodontal status. The patients were classified as healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis.
RESULTS: One hundred and eight of the participants were female, and 77 were men, with a mean age of 36.03±12.74. While 13% of the patients were periodontally healthy, 46.5% were diagnosed as gingivitis, 9.2% as gingivitis with reduced periodontium and 31.4% were periodontitis. The ratio of being asymptomatic of the healthy group (62.5%) was significantly higher than the groups with gingivitis (35%) and periodontitis (36.2%) (p<0.05). When periodontal disease and the presence of systemic factors were assessed together in symptomatic and asymptomatic groups, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups (p>0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that periodontal disease may be a preventable risk factor to improve the outcomes of the pandemic before and after COVID-19 infection.