Periodontoloji Kliniklerine Baþvuran Hastalarýn Periodontal Saðlýk Durumlarýnýn ve Sigara Kullanýmlarýnýn Deðerlendirilmesi: Retrospektif Kesitsel Bir Çalýþma (Bölüm I).

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Bu retrospektif kesitsel çalýþma, 2017-2018 tarihleri arasýnda baþlangýç periodontal tedavileri Yeditepe Üniversitesi Diþ Hekimliði Fakültesi Periodontoloji Anabilim Dalý öðrenci kliniklerinde tamamlanan hastalarýn periodontal saðlýk durumlarýný ve sigara alýþkanlýklarýný deðerlendirmeyi amaçlamýþtýr.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çalýþmaya, Periodontoloji Anabilim Dalý hasta kartlarý taranarak demografik verileri, dental/sistemik anamnezleri ve sigara kullanýmlarý deðerlendirilen, sistemik olarak periodonsiyumu etkileyen herhangi bir hastalýða sahip olmayan 603 hasta dahil edildi.
Bu hastalar cinsiyetlerine, periodontal teþhislerine ve sigara alýþkanlýklarýna göre ayrýlarak farklý periodontal parametreleri karþýlaþtýrýldý. Hastalarýn periodontal klinik parametreleri (sondalama derinliði (SD), plak indeksi (PI), gingival indeks (GI), sondalamada kanama (SK)) deðerlendirildi. Tüm verilerin analizleri için IBM SPSS Statistics 22 programý kullanýldý.

BULGULAR: Çalýþmaya dahil edilen hastalarýn yaþ ortalamasý 37,48±14,43 olarak tespit edildi. Total popülasyonun %56,2’sini (339 kiþi) kadýn, %43,8’ini (264 kiþi) erkek; %36,3’nü (219 kiþi) Gingivitis’li (G), %63,7’sini (384 kiþi) teþhisi Kronik Periodontitis’li (KP) bireylerin oluþturduðu görüldü. Kadýnlar ve erkeklerin yaþ ortalamalarý ve sigara kullaným oranlarý arasýnda istatistiksel olarak anlamlý bir farklýlýk bulunmadý (p>0,05). Sigara kullanýmlarýna bakýldýðýnda, KP teþhisi olan bireylerin aktif sigara kullanýcýsý (Current Smoker) olma oranlarý (%17,4), G grubundan (%9,1) istatistiksel olarak anlamlý düzeyde yüksekti(p<0,05). Kadýnlar ve erkeklerin CD, SK ve GI düzeyleri arasýnda istatistiksel olarak anlamlý bir farklýlýk bulunmazken (p>0,05); erkeklerin PI düzeyleri kadýnlardan anlamlý düzeyde yüksek bulundu (p<0,05).
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Bu çalýþmada elde edilen demografik ve klinik bulgular doðrultusunda sigara kullanýmýnýn periodontal saðlýk parametreleri üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olduðu ortaya konmuþtur.

Evaluation of the Patients’ Periodontal Health Status and Smoking Habits Treated in the Periodontology Clinics: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study (Part I).

INTRODUCTION: This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the periodontal health status of patients whose initial periodontal therapies were completed between 2017-2018 years at Periodontology clinics of Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry.
METHODS: In this study, 603 patients were included. The demographic data, dental history of patients and also smoking habits were scanned. Patients with any systemic disease affecting the periodontium were not included. Periodontal clinical parameters were pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BoP). Smoking habits were compared between males and females who were diagnosed as gingivitis (G) or chronic periodontitis (CP). Statistical analyses were performed by IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 37.48 ± 14.43 years. 56.2% (339 people) of the total population were female and 43.8% (264 people) were male; 36.3% (219 people) were diagnosed as G whereas 63.7% (384 people) were diagnosed as CP. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean age and smoking rates of males and females (p> 0.05). The rate of current smokers (17.4%) was significantly higher in patients with CP than the G group (9.1%) (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between PD, BoP and GI levels of females and males (p>0.05); PI levels of males were statistically higher than the females (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to the demographic and clinical findings obtained in this study, it was shown that smoking has negative effects on periodontal health parameters.